Chief Technology Officer Resume Sample
Meaghan Hammes
4009 Raymond Village,
Detroit,
MI
+1 (555) 209 8414
Work Experience
Chief Technology Officer
05/2018
-
PRESENT
Los Angeles, CA
- Provide technical leadership to the UK&I business and provide visible leadership within the technology community; stay abreast of major technology changes to ensure an ethos of continuous improvement and an ‘Intelligent Client’ approach is maintained both internally and externally
- Establish a CTO forum with a view to sharing best practice across the business but also sharing common business challenges / goals with a view to establishing a ‘voice’ with IT Services to ultimately drive service improvements / synergies and value creation
- Work collaboratively with UK&I Programme and Change Management team, the business and IT ‘PMO’ to establish a clear programme of IT projects; oversee the successful delivery
- Stakeholder and relationship management – a change agent with excellent communication and stakeholder management skills, with proven experience of establishing buy-in and credibility with diverse stakeholders and senior executives. Able to build effective links around the business/globe within a professional services environment
- Robust and able to operate calmly under pressure in a complex / matrix environment
- Strong delivery focus and target driven
- Highly commercial and generally politically astute
Chief Technology Officer, Harken Health
06/2014
-
01/2018
San Francisco, CA
- Lead and motivate teams – excellent people leader
- Strong understanding of IT delivery programmes and service delivery models
- Experience managing a technology team, preferably in the hospitality industry
- Information Technology systems experience, including project management, change management processes and problem analysis/resolution
- Analyze and diagnose technology problems, carefully evaluate alternatives and make quick and effective recommendations and decisions
- Prioritize and oversee management of a multitude of high level strategic projects simultaneously
- Think globally and recommend strategic direction
- Excellent verbal and written skills to include exemplary interpersonal communication skills with all levels of the organization
Microsoft Chief Technology Officer
11/2010
-
02/2014
Boston, MA
- Knowledge of computer systems to include Microsoft Office Suite
- Maintains high level of ethical standards and remains compliant with all policies and procedures of Marcus Hotels & Resorts and The Marcus Corporation
- Holistic enterprise architecture, including a broad understanding of hardware and systems software technologies, network infrastructure, data integrity and distribution design, application and execution architecture design, and system performance and optimization design
- Common system integration and services frameworks such as Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA). Expertise in infrastructure, application and network architecture
- Principles of management including budget development and execution
- Principles and practices of supervision, staff development, organization, administration and personnel management, and labor relations; and
- Electronic security theory and principles
- Recent experience in a senior capacity in a B2C ecommerce business which
Education
American Sentinel University
2005 - 2009
Engineer's Degree in Computer Science
Professional Skills
- Excellent written and verbal communication skills along with excellent problem solving skills, leadership and a willingness to collaborate
- Excellent judgment and creative problem solving skills, including negotiation and conflict resolution, consensus building skills
- Excellent written and verbal communication skills, including technical influencing, conflict management, negotiation, public presenting
- Strong leadership skills, demonstrating the importance of good decision making and strategic discipline through example
- Proven experience and track record in effectively leading and managing a large and comprehensive Information Technology organization
- Demonstrated organizational and project management skills, sound judgement and decision-making ability
- Excellent collaboration and relationship building skills, both internally and externally
How to write Chief Technology Officer Resume
Chief Technology Officer role is responsible for interpersonal, technical, presentation, organization, leadership, training, business, organizational, public, communications.
To write great resume for chief technology officer job, your resume must include:
- Your contact information
- Work experience
- Education
- Skill listing
Contact Information For Chief Technology Officer Resume
The section contact information is important in your chief technology officer resume. The recruiter has to be able to contact you ASAP if they like to offer you the job. This is why you need to provide your:
- First and last name
- Telephone number
Work Experience in Your Chief Technology Officer Resume
The section work experience is an essential part of your chief technology officer resume. It’s the one thing the recruiter really cares about and pays the most attention to.
This section, however, is not just a list of your previous chief technology officer responsibilities. It's meant to present you as a wholesome candidate by showcasing your relevant accomplishments and should be tailored specifically to the particular chief technology officer position you're applying to.
The work experience section should be the detailed summary of your latest 3 or 4 positions.
Representative Chief Technology Officer resume experience can include:
- Strong problem-solving/decision-making skills
- Strong written/oral communication and presentation/public speaking skills
- Experience with data visualization and the cognitive science of working effectively with large volumes of data
- Strong interpersonal skills, intellectual curiosity, passion for problem-solving, and comfort with ambiguity
- Strong leadership skills and with ability to develop high performing teams
- Demonstrated prior experience supporting technology infrastructure services in a complex environment
Education on a Chief Technology Officer Resume
Make sure to make education a priority on your chief technology officer resume. If you’ve been working for a few years and have a few solid positions to show, put your education after your chief technology officer experience. For example, if you have a Ph.D in Neuroscience and a Master's in the same sphere, just list your Ph.D. Besides the doctorate, Master’s degrees go next, followed by Bachelor’s and finally, Associate’s degree.
Additional details to include:
- School you graduated from
- Major/ minor
- Year of graduation
- Location of school
These are the four additional pieces of information you should mention when listing your education on your resume.
Professional Skills in Chief Technology Officer Resume
When listing skills on your chief technology officer resume, remember always to be honest about your level of ability. Include the Skills section after experience.
Present the most important skills in your resume, there's a list of typical chief technology officer skills:
- Demonstrated experience developing and maintaining an organizational structure and culture that most effectively meets stated goals and objectives
- Excellent project management skills (leading multi-cultural & distributed project teams by technical authority and integrative consensus building)
- Proven track record of effectively managing budgets
- Excellent communication skills – being able to make complex issues easy to understand, and the ability to articulate the benefits of our solutions
- Known as a change agent with solid communications and influencing skills
- Strong organizational, communication, public relations, strategic planning and interpersonal skills
List of Typical Experience For a Chief Technology Officer Resume
1
Experience For Chief Technology Officer, Harken Health Resume
- Proven project management skills to manage the build and/or implementation of several key organizational technology capabilities
- Oversees the direction for IT’s sourcing strategies and effectively manages outsourcing and contractor relationships
- Progressive experience in an IT or business environment, including experience strategically using technology to enable a business strategy
- Combine abstract thinking and architectural skills to shape the most innovative technology on the horizon
- Good leadership, problem analysis and solving skill
- Supervise or coordinate the skills development of all employees in the operation of technology
- Work effectively with vendors and other external partners
- Manage and operate good escalation process judgement (unbudgeted investment, launch/closure of projects, abnormal risks to clients…)
2
Experience For GCT Chief Technology Officer Resume
- Design a comprehensive IT project methodology to ensure the technology priorities of the college are identified, prioritized, communicated and completed timely
- Proven experience as a CTO or similar leadership role
- Proficient computer skills, Microsoft Office Suite (Word, PowerPoint, Outlook, and Excel)
- Proven experience managing complex custom software development, systems infrastructure and data warehouse projects from inception to implementation
- Proven experience as head of technology with a quantitatively driven investment management firm
3
Experience For Microsoft Chief Technology Officer Resume
- Building a best in-class engineering team that delivers excellent result through rapid iterations
- Studying information processing systems to evaluate effectiveness and make recommendations for improvement
- Experience in serving in a similar capacity with progressively increasing responsibilities
- Broad knowledge of information technology with 20 or more years of experience delivering IT services. Deep knowledge in one or more of the following areas
- Experience in influencing in Standard bodies(like IEEE) and technology direction of the company
- Recruit, motivate and develop a superior/diverse staff; build employee skill sets based upon technical/business requirements
- Demonstrated success as a senior IT leader/business manager
- Strong business acumen to drive business solutions
4
Experience For Chief Technology Officer, Royal Canin Resume
- Extensive experience managing one or more technology related portfolios
- Demonstrated success delivering IT solutions to internal and external customers
- Experience in a senior leadership role in large, complex and matrix driven environments that are fast paced, dynamic, and nimble
- Evaluate and assess metrics and program effectiveness; review trends and monitor proactively
- Evaluate the effectiveness of the organizational structure and programs to ensure success, development of employees, and appropriate use of staff resources
- Demonstrated ability to inspire and foster a culture of continuous learning and employee development
- Experience in managing program development, budget development and administration, IT contract administration, and oversight of staff
5
Experience For Chief Technology Officer st Macdill, FL Resume
- Design and implement assessment processes for measuring the utilization and effectiveness of technology to support continuous improvement
- Develop and execute a comprehensive and cost-effective program of preventive maintenance and repair services for technology devises
- Demonstrate knowledge and delivery capability to successfully implement program
- Strong business acumen and industry insight, thought leadership
- Ensure top priority projects are resourced for success, delivered on time, and in line with budget
- To be able to operate without regular supervision
- Experience in software engineering and architecture
- Experience building scalable application architectures and with the progression from traditional frameworks to micro services
6
Experience For Chief Technology Officer, EDM Resume
- Work with the business managers and Divisional Director to assess, prioritise and enable each business to progress against the Group’s B2B v3.0 strategy
- Demonstrated ability to lead, negotiate and influence outcomes
- Demonstrated ability to plan, manage and provide strategic direction and leadership for large and complex projects
- Experience with budgets and business-planning
- Develop forward thinking business strategies supported by ROI analysis and strong project management
- Five or more years of experience successfully providing technical leadership on complex capture pursuits and proposals
- Strong relationships with key customer representatives
7
Experience For Oracle Chief Technology Officer Resume
- Previous experience in executive management
- Strong background in systems architecture
- Strong integrity and accountability
- Experience serving as a technical leader
- Developing strategic plans and setting timelines for evaluation, development, and deployment of Tranzact services
8
Experience For VP & Chief Technology Officer Resume
- Developing and implementing disaster and emergency recovery plans
- Bring new opportunities to leadership – always evaluating buy vs. build
- Working knowledge of support technologies (UNIX, Linux, Windows, SOA compliant, Web Based services, SQL, Oracle, CISCO, SAP etc)
- Bring energy to the team, partners and customers and being passionate about technology trends and architecture
- Willing and able to roll up the sleeves, to design, review, and put hands on keys
- Supporting the Director/CEO and Deputy Director/COO in the conduct of reviews (programmatic, financial, technical)
9
Experience For RHS System Chief Technology Officer Resume
- Identifying opportunities for technical integration among initiatives
- Ensuring the security of proprietary technology
- Building relationships – role model, able to build and sustain internal and external relationships
- Collaborating with department heads, marketing, production, and operations as advisor of all technologies involved with company
- Monitoring web analytics and making recommendations that align to business goals
- Establishing software development process, set objectives for process & defining enterprise architecture standards
- Monitoring performance profiling tools and procedures
- Representing company at conferences and networking events
- Identifying opportunities for digital, retail and other services
10
Experience For Executive Assistant to Chief Technology Officer Resume
- Ensuring technology standards and best practices are met
- Supervising quality assurance processes, integration, and system tests
- Maintaining network security with IT infrastructure team
- Reviewing timeframes and budgets
- Defining company standards for systems, equipment, and software
- Managing application support and maintenance services for digital platforms
List of Typical Skills For a Chief Technology Officer Resume
1
Skills For Chief Technology Officer, Harken Health Resume
- Excellent leadership, team building, and management skills
- Experience developing and bringing to market innovative user interfaces and user experiences (including voice and mobile)
- Experience with and strong understanding of systems engineering lifecycle and Model Based Systems Engineering, processes, tools and languages
- Demonstrated experience defining, coordinating, and establishing technology policies, plans, and programs that drive innovation
- Have strong business acumen and experienced working in client-facing roles
- Proven experience managing a team of global colleagues and managing a significant budget
- Experience with higher education environment including learning management system (LMS), University research needs, and student experience requirements
- Digital and distributed technology experience with a proven track record of developing global and highly scalable platforms
2
Skills For GCT Chief Technology Officer Resume
- Demonstrated experience working with enterprise-wide database applications
- Demonstrated experience investigating unauthorized use of computer resources
- Demonstrated experience delivering technical guidance and thought leadership to executive level or flag officer staff
- Solid credibility with HP’s business units and account teams based on history of solid results and contributions
- Strong written, presentation and verbal communication experience is critical especially when servicing end- user and stakeholders
- Demonstrated experience and leadership in managing a team of professionals to meet the strategic business needs of the firm
3
Skills For Microsoft Chief Technology Officer Resume
- Extensive experience in project management and team leadership with multiple priorities and deadlines
- Polished and persuasive communicator with impeccable written, oral, and presentation skills
- Superb communication and presentation skills to audiences of all levels and backgrounds (executive, business, and technical)
- Strong experience in leading engineering methodologies especially agile teams (e.g. scrum)
- Experience leading and managing technology teams including SaaS software
- Good understanding of latest web & mobile technologies – ideally open source platforms, cloud computing, big data, etc
- Experience developing and maintaining consistent and usable APIs and complex data models
4
Skills For Chief Technology Officer, Royal Canin Resume
- Experience working with application stores, subscription business models and billing automation
- Experience partnering with colleagues, clients and external partners to plan and develop state of the art IT solutions to meet online learning needs
- Experience managing the full lifecycle of a portfolio of technical infrastructure including online services and software development
- Experience serving in the DoD or serving that community
- Demonstrated expertise leading technical outreach and leveraging technical solutions for large enterprises
- Experience working and interacting with senior officers and executive customers in the National Security (IC) and Defense space
5
Skills For Chief Technology Officer st Macdill, FL Resume
- Demonstrated creative problem-solving, calculated risk taking
- Experience coordinating and collaborating with other Federal HPC organizations
- At least four years’ experience developing and managing extensive IT systems for a medium sized or large company or public Commission
- Is frustrated in their current role because all their good ideas are just getting bogged down in internal politics or bureaucracy
- Demonstrated technical leadership of complex, secure, high-volume, and highly available processing environments
- Strong opinions on methods to cultivate an innovative engineering culture
- Manage the implementation of technology systems and their effectiveness in meeting Practice and client needs
- Establish appropriate metrics, including analytics, for all practice technology delivery to assist in effectiveness evaluations and business value decisions
6
Skills For Chief Technology Officer, EDM Resume
- Proven ability to sense what is important to the client, uncovering their business needs and drivers
- Demonstrated exposure to the cybersecurity and software engineering space
- Demonstrated ability in developing a strategic plan to accomplish goals
- Demonstrated understanding of the DoD and Federal acquisition and developer communities
- Turnaround experience with expertise working across different geographies
- Experience in the public sector or in a large hospital setting
7
Skills For Oracle Chief Technology Officer Resume
- Good at building relationships both within the organization and externally
- Experience in managing technology development project teams, preferably in industry
- Industrial experience with robotics in manufacturing environment(s)
- Be flexible, resilient and adaptable to changing priorities
- Experience as a CTO or equivalent in the government contracting field
- Proven ability to translate creative ideas into action and understand the business aspect/impact/implications of putting ideas into action
- Typically 10 – 15 years’ experience in consultative, pre-sales support, solution architecting
- Demonstrates visionary leadership and creative thinking
- Experienced in PC and mainframe applications
8
Skills For VP & Chief Technology Officer Resume
- Staff management & professional development, HIPAA & HITECH security compliance, vendor selection and vendor management experience
- Demonstrated ability to work collaboratively with leaders within the firm to develop and execute plans
- Strong collaborative ability to persuade, influence and bring together individuals, teams and organizations. Ability to resolve conflict and drive execution
- Successful experience at a mid to large size company
- Act as a good steward of Valley National Bank’s resources and ensures control of technology departmental budgets
- Experience building & leading teams of 100+ engineers across multiple locations
9
Skills For RHS System Chief Technology Officer Resume
- Technology and Engineering experience, of which at least 10 years in management role
- Ensure product requirements are appropriately defined and priorities are accurate and aligned with CCX roadmap
- Designing and developing state-of-the-art approaches to solving complex and ambiguous problems
- Cultivating engineering and operational excellence through metrics and continuous learning
- Providing leadership and establishing technical vision for a team; and
- Mentoring and developing Software Development Managers to take on increasingly higher responsibilities
- Leading and reviewing the funded research program
- Creating a long range vision and developing it into an executable strategic research program
10
Skills For Executive Assistant to Chief Technology Officer Resume
- Creating and overseeing an exploratory program
- Developing strategic plans and setting timelines for evaluation, development, and deployment of all technical, web, and mobile services
- Programming design and familiarity with the Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) for software engineering
- Engaging with customers to provide technical and portfolio leadership, getting feedback from customers for requirements into AWS service development teams
- Providing technical oversight of engagements, leading scope definition and statement of work development with customers
- Emerging technologies, principles and application
- Planning and execution of IR&D reviews
- Conducting activities to predict the future of technology in both industry and government
- Enhancing the brand and reputation of the SEI with current and future constituents in academia, government, and the private sector
List of Typical Responsibilities For a Chief Technology Officer Resume
1
Responsibilities For Chief Technology Officer, Harken Health Resume
- Define a vision for the Studio that optimizes opportunities and challenges, ultimately creating priorities that continues to position Disney Animation as an industry leader in the technology of visual creation
- Be intellectually engaging with strong interpersonal, communication and advocacy skills
- Exceptional team-oriented skills including the ability to listen, negotiate, and demonstrate transparency
- Skilled with collaborating and maintaining good working relationships and interacting with peers and resources in other departments
- Management skills in recruiting, developing and motivating diverse technical teams
- Demonstrated experience with developing and maintaining short- and long-term plans and budgets for technology infrastructure in a higher education environment
2
Responsibilities For GCT Chief Technology Officer Resume
- Demonstrated experience cooperating with external groups, including technology vendors, partner organizations/agencies, and regulatory entities
- Work in a fast paced environment and ability to multi-task, prioritize and organize work under tight deadlines and changing priorities
- IT consulting experience and service delivery experience
- Experience managing managers of software development teams, with hands-on architectural or distributed systems experience
- Proven experience in developing a vision, roadmap, and successful technology framework
- Demonstrated experience using SQL Server and development (i.e. FoxPro and/or XBase/ODBC report tools (extracts)
- Demonstrated experience using Visual Basic, asp.net, or Crystal reports
- Demonstrated experience converting access programs to SQL server database
- Recent proven experience as a CTO or similar leadership role in an outsourcing advisory/consultative services firm
3
Responsibilities For Microsoft Chief Technology Officer Resume
- Considerable experience at a senior management level with a track record of delivering effective technology solutions for a large organization
- ~5 years of experience in technology management/leadership; ideally some experience in the online learning space
- Expand your integration skills across multiple technologies in complex environments
- Demonstrated experience in mobile software development SDK’s and architectures
- Technical management – excellent, understands the technologies and solutions used in the business and has very good awareness of the external technology market
- Communication skills – role model for both verbal and written communication
4
Responsibilities For Chief Technology Officer, Royal Canin Resume
- Effectively lead, manage and inspire the technology team as well as external contractors
- Including demonstrated interpretation of non-technical briefs to actionable scopes of work
- Skill in providing strategic vision, anticipating and leading change, managing high functioning teams, and inspiring outstanding performance
- Project management experience in planning developing, coordinating, and managing multiple technology initiatives in a large scale and complex environment
- Experience creating and managing budgets and business planning
- Balance requirements, manage expectations, and drive effective results using a proactive attitude towards identifying and resolving issues
- Leadership experience providing supervision, coaching and mentoring to information technology professionals
- Hands-on experience delivering IT Strategy, Consulting, and IT transformation projects
- Experience creating and communicating both company and technical vision, strategy, and operational plans
5
Responsibilities For Chief Technology Officer st Macdill, FL Resume
- Experience leading and managing technology infrastructure services in a medium/large research university or similar environment
- Strong understanding of the technology necessary to support a growing digital presence
- Proven ability to manage the delivery of services group solutions and services, including leading large, complex project mobilisations
- Experience facilitating or team building
- Experience in managing as well as negotiating vendor contracts and agreements with end users, service providers and regulatory agencies
- Service Portfolio and IP Management experience from scoping to delivery and management of artifacts
6
Responsibilities For Chief Technology Officer, EDM Resume
- Experience with Computer Science fundamentals such as object-oriented design, algorithm design, data structures, problem solving, and complexity analysis
- Experience driving substantial technology process changes in a large organization
- Experience working in IT within higher education
- Experience developing technology strategies related to cloud services, virtualization, and network architecture
- Influential leader with proven track record driving teams to achieve strategic objectives
- Fifteen years work related experience in computer science, engineering, academic research, or government defense, intelligence, or other programs
7
Responsibilities For Oracle Chief Technology Officer Resume
- Ten years of demonstrated leadership and vision in managing staff, groups and major projects or initiatives
- Experience leading the strategic development of IT enterprise business systems for client offerings
- Experience working with global stakeholders across multiple time zones
- Experience with a variety of SDLC methodologies including Agile/Scrum
- Experience as an IT executive or in leading a large-scale IT department
- Experience with long and short-term strategic planning, technical asset management and expenditure management
- Demonstrated understanding of information security risk management and operations programs in a complex technology environment
8
Responsibilities For VP & Chief Technology Officer Resume
- Experience presenting to internal/external audiences such as senior level management or executives, senior technical audiences or clients
- Excellent understanding of relevant markets and customer needs in terms of products and features
- Specific experience leading technical Enterprise IT teams
- Experience in planning, data analysis, research, evaluation of programs and knowledge of various software programs used for research and statistical analysis
- Experience leading technology projects at a startup or fast-growth company
- Experience managing technology solutions for interactive experiential business (e.g. VR, cinema, events, festivals, theme park, museums etc.)
- Demonstrated competency managing code base for live products, critical business systems
- Recent experience in moving infrastructure to the cloud
- Experience leading partner delivery projects
9
Responsibilities For RHS System Chief Technology Officer Resume
- Acts as a good steward of group’s resources and ensures control of IT departmental budgets
- Enable new markets, different business models and rich user experiences
- Accelerate team productivity; develop and elevate talent capabilities to deliver product priorities that are essential to our clients
- Manage and set priorities across the Technology programs and operations within budget and completion targets
- Tier one academic experience with a stellar reputation
10
Responsibilities For Executive Assistant to Chief Technology Officer Resume
- Strong business insight and be a visionary with purpose
- Able to build strong interpersonal relationships with peers, brand leaders, and other senior management throughout Zayo
- Solid understanding of current and future technology stacks (App and Infra) used to provide resiliency, redundancy and recovery capabilities of core processing
- Experience creating flex teams and leading diverse and international based development groups
- Advises the President and the College Officers on developing and implementing innovative and cost effective technology initiatives and programs
- Act as a thought leader in technology matters as evidenced by published articles, speaking engagements, etc
Related to Chief Technology Officer Resume Samples
Chief Officer Resume Sample
Work Experience
• Understanding the potential impact of Unclaimed Property to all legal entities, including monitoring any introduced and passed legislation for the Reporting Jurisdictions where the legal entities have reporting exposure
• Leading the UPAG, which oversees the efforts and progress of the legal entiti...
Professional Skills
• Strong team management skills are required...
• Highly developed interpersonal skills, an ...
• Outstanding analytical and numerical skill...
Technology Control Officer Resume Sample
Work Experience
• Complete all tasks in connection with the organization’s activity but not detailed in the current job description, charged by the direct manager, supervisor, or the functional head
• Timely execution of the Controls plan consisting of over 10 applications, guiding the teams’ progress and managing e...
Professional Skills
• Excellent English comprehension skills; ab...
• Experience in working with Senior and ‘Chi...
• A strong understanding of the finance and ...
Technology Officer Resume Sample
Work Experience
• Operates within an office environment with little exposure to adverse working conditions
• Dexterity and co-ordination frequently required to accurately access and enter computer database information
• Continual attention to detail required while conversing with customers ove...
Professional Skills
• Deep experience managing enterprise-class ...
• Demonstrate advanced relationship manageme...
• Demonstrates expert relationship managemen...
Fiscal Analyst Resume Sample
Work Experience
• Oversee, maintain, monitor and ensure the integrity of OMH billing system monthly bill runs. Resolve pended, denied and audited claims. Analyze services and recording statistics to identify unbilled visits and under-utilization of services. Audit and analyze data to ensure data accuracy and compliance with federal and st...
Professional Skills
• Excellent analytical, quantitative, writin...
• Demonstrated skills to compile and summari...
• Strong research, problem solving, and time...
Risk Governance Resume Sample
Work Experience
• Manage sensitive cross LOB client controls processes, including the Client Screening List (CSL)
• Work with firmwide LOBs and functions, including Global Financial Crimes Compliance (GFCC) to evolve current CSL process to clearly identify all necessary resources for “hits” communications to include...
Professional Skills
• Advanced sharepoint skills and advanced Mi...
• Outstanding written and oral communication...
• Proficiency in English, excellent analytic...
House Officer Resume Sample
Work Experience
• Graduate of an accredited APN program
• Excellent interpersonal skills including written and spoken English
• Proven security experience in a ‘soft’ customer service driven environment, where they have worked with minimal supervision utilising excellent judgement and decision...